Improvement in the art of welding together bars of bessemer steel



T. J. DEA KIN. The Art of Welding together Bars of Bessemer Steel.

Oct. 2 ,1879.

atented ,Invenimr nrrnn STATES PATENT "i THOMAS J. DEAKIN, OF UOLUMBIA,PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF TWO- THIBDS OF HIS RIGHT TO WILLIARD T. BLOCK,OF HANNIBAL, MO.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE ART OF WELDING TOGETHER, BARS 0F BESSEMER STEEL.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 221,038, dated October28, 1879; application filed 1 February 6, 1879. a

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS J. DEAKIN, of the town of Columbia and countyof Lancaster, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in the Art of Manufaciurin g Merchantable Bar, Sheet,or Plate Metal, and other standard merchantable products fromrailroad-bar ends or cuttings, old railway-bars, and other formsot'Bessemer steel,bya process hereinafterfully and exactly described,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a partthereof, and in which- Figure I is a view of the pile in its firstheating, showing the end View of rail-bars in aconvenient arrangement,and Fig. II a view of the pile at the commencement of its second andlast heating, showing the same arrangement of rail-bars with theintroduction of iron turnings,Fig. III showing the pile at thecompletion of its second heating after the busseling when ready to beremoved from the furnace to be welded under hammer or through the rolls.

The object of my invention is to produce a tough, tenacious, and easilywrought metal suitable for marketable purposes, as merchant bar, wire,sheet, or plate, axles, and the like.

My invention is a cheap and practical process of utilizing the railends, old rail-bars, and many waste forms of old and new Bessemer steelby double heating and welding two or more pieces into a homogeneous massto be wrought into merchantable forms.

For the better information of the public, I will describe my inventionin detail, that those skilled in the art to which it appertains maycomprehend it.

Having selected some form of Bessemer steel, such as railbars, which Ishall use for purposes of illustration in this specification, I proceedto reduce them to uniform lengths with reference to the purpose to whichthe finished product is tobe applied, and arrange them (if rails a) in aconvenient and practical form, A, on the bed of the heating-furnace B,

' forming a pile without any bands or ties whatever, and consisting ofas many pieces as may be desired. (See Fig. I, in which A is the pile,

consisting of the pieces a a a a, andB the bed of the heating-furnace.)

Having completed this first stage of my process, which may resemble thatin ordinary use in the art, if ties or bands are not used therein, Icommence the second stage, which is .the first heating, and whichcontinues until the pile has reached, or nearly reached, the weldheatfor this metal, which is the more readily obtained and perfectlydistributed where railbar or similar forms are used in the pile, becauseof the free access of the heat to the inner surfaces of the pile, therebeing no filling to obstruct free v play of the heat or to draw from itsintensity.

Having reached this stage of the process, care should be taken toprevent any such in crease of heat as would be suflicient to burn thesteel. The pile is ready for the third and last stage, prior to theremoval to the hammer or rolls, which is the second heating, as follows:I open the doors of the heating-furnace, thus tempering the heat, andthrow into it and over the pile and bed of the furnace a sufficientquantity of iron turnings (those from wroughtiron producing the bestresults) and proceed with the second heating and busseling by rollingthe pile (the fagots being now in a sort of temporary weld sufficientl ystrong in bond to keep together in form) over the turniugs on the bed ofthe furnace, which, with those at ready thrown over it, weld to the pileand exert a dual influence: First, they protect it from the increasedheat at this stage; and, second, I have found they assist in the finalwelding under the hammer or the rolls.

Fig. II shows the pile A, and a a a the bed of furnace B and theturnings c at the commencement of the second heating. Fig. III shows thebusseled pile ready for removal to hammer or rolls.

The pile, after having reached the end of the third stage, secondheating, is ready to be passed under a hammer or through a train ofrolls after the manner that obtains in the ordinary course practiced inthe art.

Any ordinary furnace may be used to carry out this process where thedegree of heat can readily be regulated and controlled, and I use inhandling the pile the instruments common to the trade.

I disclaim any novelty in the mere form of the pile used for purposes ofillustration in the drawings and text of this specification; nor do Ilimit myself to the use of the form aforesaid.

What I do claim as myinvention, for which I desire the protection ofLetters Patent of the United States, is-

In the welding of steel, the process substantially described in thespecification, to wit: the forming of an open pile of steel bars, andheating the same, in any suitable furnace, to a temperature somewhatshort of a proper welding heat; then arresting the heat at this point bythe admission of air into the furnace THOS. J. DEAKIN.

Witnesses:

RICHARD GOULD,

his MronEAL LIBFRIED.

m ark.

